CF1768D.Lucky Permutation

普及+/提高

通过率:0%

时间限制:1.00s

内存限制:256MB

AC君温馨提醒

该题目为【codeforces】题库的题目,您提交的代码将被提交至codeforces进行远程评测,并由ACGO抓取测评结果后进行展示。由于远程测评的测评机由其他平台提供,我们无法保证该服务的稳定性,若提交后无反应,请等待一段时间后再进行重试。

题目描述

You are given a permutation†^\dagger pp of length nn.

In one operation, you can choose two indices 1≤i<j≤n1 \le i \lt j \le n and swap pip_i with pjp_j.

Find the minimum number of operations needed to have exactly one inversion‡^\ddagger in the permutation.

†^\dagger A permutation is an array consisting of nn distinct integers from 11 to nn in arbitrary order. For example, [2,3,1,5,4][2,3,1,5,4] is a permutation, but [1,2,2][1,2,2] is not a permutation (22 appears twice in the array), and [1,3,4][1,3,4] is also not a permutation (n=3n=3 but there is 44 in the array).

‡^\ddagger The number of inversions of a permutation pp is the number of pairs of indices (i,j)(i, j) such that 1≤i<j≤n1 \le i \lt j \le n and pi>pjp_i \gt p_j.

给你一个长度为 nn 的排列†^\dagger pp。

在一次操作中,你可以选择两个下标 1≤i<j≤n1 \le i \lt j \le n,并交换 pip_i 与 pjp_j。

求使该排列中恰好存在一个逆序对‡^\ddagger 所需的最少操作次数。

†^\dagger 排列是由 11 到 nn 的 nn 个互不相同的整数以任意顺序组成的数组。例如,[2,3,1,5,4][2,3,1,5,4] 是一个排列,但 [1,2,2][1,2,2] 不是排列(数组中数字 22 出现了两次),[1,3,4][1,3,4] 也不是排列(此时 n=3n=3,但数组中出现了 44)。

‡^\ddagger 排列 pp 的逆序对数量,是指满足 1≤i<j≤n1 \le i \lt j \le n 且 pi>pjp_i \gt p_j 的下标对 (i,j)(i, j) 的个数。

输入格式

The first line contains a single integer tt (1≤t≤1041 \le t \le 10^4) — the number of test cases. The description of test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains a single integer nn (2≤n≤2⋅1052 \le n \le 2 \cdot 10^5).

The second line of each test case contains nn integers p1,p2,…,pnp_1,p_2,\ldots, p_n (1≤pi≤n1 \le p_i \le n). It is guaranteed that pp is a permutation.

It is guaranteed that the sum of nn over all test cases does not exceed 2⋅1052 \cdot 10^5.

第一行包含一个整数 tt(1≤t≤1041 \le t \le 10^4)—— 表示测试用例的数量。随后是各测试用例的描述。

每个测试用例的第一行包含一个整数 nn(2≤n≤2⋅1052 \le n \le 2 \cdot 10^5)。

每个测试用例的第二行包含 nn 个整数 p1,p2,…,pnp_1,p_2,\ldots, p_n(1≤pi≤n1 \le p_i \le n)。保证 pp 是一个排列。

保证所有测试用例的 nn 值之和不超过 2⋅1052 \cdot 10^5。

输出格式

For each test case output a single integer — the minimum number of operations needed to have exactly one inversion in the permutation. It can be proven that an answer always exists.

对于每个测试用例,输出一个整数——使排列中恰好存在一个逆序对所需的最少操作次数。可以证明答案一定存在。

输入输出样例

  • 输入#1

    4
    2
    2 1
    2
    1 2
    4
    3 4 1 2
    4
    2 4 3 1

    输出#1

    0
    1
    3
    1

说明/提示

In the first test case, the permutation already satisfies the condition.

In the second test case, you can perform the operation with (i,j)=(1,2)(i,j)=(1,2), after that the permutation will be [2,1][2,1] which has exactly one inversion.

In the third test case, it is not possible to satisfy the condition with less than 33 operations. However, if we perform 33 operations with (i,j)(i,j) being (1,3)(1,3),(2,4)(2,4), and (3,4)(3,4) in that order, the final permutation will be [1,2,4,3][1, 2, 4, 3] which has exactly one inversion.

In the fourth test case, you can perform the operation with (i,j)=(2,4)(i,j)=(2,4), after that the permutation will be [2,1,3,4][2,1,3,4] which has exactly one inversion.

在第一个测试用例中,该排列已经满足条件。

在第二个测试用例中,你可以执行一次操作 (i,j)=(1,2)(i,j)=(1,2),操作后排列变为 [2,1][2,1],其恰好包含一个逆序对。

在第三个测试用例中,无法通过少于 33 次操作满足条件。然而,若按顺序执行三次操作,对应的 (i,j)(i,j) 分别为 (1,3)(1,3)、(2,4)(2,4) 和 (3,4)(3,4),则最终排列为 [1,2,4,3][1, 2, 4, 3],其恰好包含一个逆序对。

在第四个测试用例中,你可以执行一次操作 (i,j)=(2,4)(i,j)=(2,4),操作后排列变为 [2,1,3,4][2,1,3,4],其恰好包含一个逆序对。

输入解题思路,AI测评打分。不知道怎么写?

首页