CF1525E.Assimilation IV
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时间限制:2.00s
内存限制:256MB
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题目描述
Monocarp is playing a game "Assimilation IV". In this game he manages a great empire: builds cities and conquers new lands.
Monocarp's empire has n cities. In order to conquer new lands he plans to build one Monument in each city. The game is turn-based and, since Monocarp is still amateur, he builds exactly one Monument per turn.
Monocarp has m points on the map he'd like to control using the constructed Monuments. For each point he knows the distance between it and each city. Monuments work in the following way: when built in some city, a Monument controls all points at distance at most 1 to this city. Next turn, the Monument controls all points at distance at most 2, the turn after — at distance at most 3, and so on. Monocarp will build n Monuments in n turns and his empire will conquer all points that are controlled by at least one Monument.
Monocarp can't figure out any strategy, so during each turn he will choose a city for a Monument randomly among all remaining cities (cities without Monuments). Monocarp wants to know how many points (among m of them) he will conquer at the end of turn number n. Help him to calculate the expected number of conquered points!
莫诺卡普正在玩一款名为“同化 IV”的游戏。在这款游戏中,他管理着一个庞大的帝国:建造城市并征服新的领土。
莫诺卡普的帝国拥有 n 座城市。为了征服新领土,他计划在每座城市中建造一座纪念碑。游戏以回合制进行;由于莫诺卡普尚属新手,他每回合恰好建造一座纪念碑。
莫诺卡普的地图上有 m 个他希望借助所建纪念碑加以控制的点。对于每个点,他已知其到每座城市的距离。纪念碑的工作机制如下:当在某座城市中建成时,该纪念碑在当回合即可控制所有到该城市的距离不超过 1 的点;下一回合,它可控制所有到该城市的距离不超过 2 的点;再下一回合,可控制所有到该城市的距离不超过 3 的点,依此类推。莫诺卡普将在 n 回合内于 n 座城市中各建造一座纪念碑,他的帝国最终将征服所有被至少一座纪念碑控制的点。
莫诺卡普尚未掌握任何策略,因此在每一回合中,他将从所有尚未建造纪念碑的城市(即剩余未选城市)中随机选择一座来建造纪念碑。莫诺卡普想知道:在第 n 回合结束时,他总共能征服多少个点(共 m 个点)?请帮他计算被征服点数的期望值!
输入格式
The first line contains two integers n and m (1≤n≤20; 1≤m≤5⋅104) — the number of cities and the number of points.
Next n lines contains m integers each: the j-th integer of the i-th line di,j (1≤di,j≤n+1) is the distance between the i-th city and the j-th point.
第一行包含两个整数 n 和 m(1≤n≤20;1≤m≤5⋅104)—— 分别表示城市的数量和点的数量。
接下来的 n 行,每行包含 m 个整数:第 i 行的第 j 个整数 di,j(1≤di,j≤n+1)表示第 i 个城市与第 j 个点之间的距离。
输出格式
It can be shown that the expected number of points Monocarp conquers at the end of the n-th turn can be represented as an irreducible fraction yx. Print this fraction modulo 998244353, i. e. value x⋅y−1mod998244353 where y−1 is such number that y⋅y−1mod998244353=1.
可以证明,Monocarp 在第 n 回合结束时所占领的点数的期望值可表示为一个既约分数 yx。请输出该分数对 998244353 取模的结果,即 x⋅y−1mod998244353,其中 y−1 是满足 y⋅y−1mod998244353=1 的数。
输入输出样例
输入#1
3 5 1 4 4 3 4 1 4 1 4 2 1 4 4 4 3
输出#1
166374062
说明/提示
Let's look at all possible orders of cities Monuments will be build in:
- [1,2,3]:
- the first city controls all points at distance at most 3, in other words, points 1 and 4;
- the second city controls all points at distance at most 2, or points 1, 3 and 5;
- the third city controls all points at distance at most 1, or point 1.In total, 4 points are controlled.
- [1,3,2]: the first city controls points 1 and 4; the second city — points 1 and 3; the third city — point 1. In total, 3 points.
- [2,1,3]: the first city controls point 1; the second city — points 1, 3 and 5; the third city — point 1. In total, 3 points.
- [2,3,1]: the first city controls point 1; the second city — points 1, 3 and 5; the third city — point 1. In total, 3 points.
- [3,1,2]: the first city controls point 1; the second city — points 1 and 3; the third city — points 1 and 5. In total, 3 points.
- [3,2,1]: the first city controls point 1; the second city — points 1, 3 and 5; the third city — points 1 and 5. In total, 3 points.
The expected number of controlled points is 64+3+3+3+3+3 = 619 or 19⋅6−1 ≡ 19⋅166374059 ≡ 166374062 (mod998244353)
我们来考察所有可能的城市建造纪念碑的顺序:
- [1,2,3]:
- 第一个城市控制所有距离不超过 3 的点,即点 1 和 4;
- 第二个城市控制所有距离不超过 2 的点,即点 1、3 和 5;
- 第三个城市控制所有距离不超过 1 的点,即点 1。
总共控制了 4 个点。
- [1,3,2]:第一个城市控制点 1 和 4;第二个城市控制点 1 和 3;第三个城市控制点 1。总共控制了 3 个点。
- [2,1,3]:第一个城市控制点 1;第二个城市控制点 1、3 和 5;第三个城市控制点 1。总共控制了 3 个点。
- [2,3,1]:第一个城市控制点 1;第二个城市控制点 1、3 和 5;第三个城市控制点 1。总共控制了 3 个点。
- [3,1,2]:第一个城市控制点 1;第二个城市控制点 1 和 3;第三个城市控制点 1 和 5。总共控制了 3 个点。
- [3,2,1]:第一个城市控制点 1;第二个城市控制点 1、3 和 5;第三个城市控制点 1 和 5。总共控制了 3 个点。
受控点数的期望值为 64+3+3+3+3+3 = 619,即 19⋅6−1 ≡ 19⋅166374059 ≡ 166374062 (mod998244353)
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