CF1325F.Ehab's Last Theorem

省选/NOI-

通过率:0%

时间限制:1.00s

内存限制:256MB

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题目描述

It's the year 5555. You have a graph, and you want to find a long cycle and a huge independent set, just because you can. But for now, let's just stick with finding either.

Given a connected graph with nn vertices, you can choose to either:

  • find an independent set that has exactly ⌈n⌉\lceil\sqrt{n}\rceil vertices.
  • find a simple cycle of length at least ⌈n⌉\lceil\sqrt{n}\rceil.

An independent set is a set of vertices such that no two of them are connected by an edge. A simple cycle is a cycle that doesn't contain any vertex twice. I have a proof you can always solve one of these problems, but it's too long to fit this margin.

现在是 5555 年。你有一个图,你想找一个很长的环,或者一个很大的独立集——仅仅因为你能做到。但目前,我们只需专注于找出其中任意一个即可。

给定一个包含 nn 个顶点的连通图,你可以选择以下任一任务完成:

  • 找出一个恰好包含 ⌈n⌉\lceil\sqrt{n}\rceil 个顶点的独立集;
  • 找出一个长度至少为 ⌈n⌉\lceil\sqrt{n}\rceil 的简单环。

独立集是指一组顶点,其中任意两个顶点之间均无边相连;简单环是指不重复经过任何顶点的环。我有一个证明,表明上述两个问题中总有一个可解,但该证明太长,无法写在此处的页边空白中。

输入格式

The first line contains two integers nn and mm (5≤n≤1055 \le n \le 10^5, n−1≤m≤2⋅105n-1 \le m \le 2 \cdot 10^5) — the number of vertices and edges in the graph.

Each of the next mm lines contains two space-separated integers uu and vv (1≤u,v≤n1 \le u,v \le n) that mean there's an edge between vertices uu and vv. It's guaranteed that the graph is connected and doesn't contain any self-loops or multiple edges.

第一行包含两个整数 nn 和 mm(5≤n≤1055 \le n \le 10^5,n−1≤m≤2⋅105n-1 \le m \le 2 \cdot 10^5),分别表示图中的顶点数和边数。

接下来的 mm 行中,每行包含两个用空格分隔的整数 uu 和 vv(1≤u,v≤n1 \le u,v \le n),表示顶点 uu 和 vv 之间存在一条边。保证该图是连通的,且不包含自环或重边。

输出格式

If you choose to solve the first problem, then on the first line print "1", followed by a line containing ⌈n⌉\lceil\sqrt{n}\rceil distinct integers not exceeding nn, the vertices in the desired independent set.

If you, however, choose to solve the second problem, then on the first line print "2", followed by a line containing one integer, cc, representing the length of the found cycle, followed by a line containing cc distinct integers integers not exceeding nn, the vertices in the desired cycle, in the order they appear in the cycle.

如果你选择解决第一个问题,则在第一行输出“1”,然后在下一行输出 ⌈n⌉\lceil\sqrt{n}\rceil 个互不相同的整数,且每个整数均不超过 nn,这些整数即为所求独立集中的顶点。

然而,如果你选择解决第二个问题,则在第一行输出“2”,然后在下一行输出一个整数 cc,表示所找到环的长度,再在下一行输出 cc 个互不相同的整数(每个整数均不超过 nn),这些整数即为所求环中的顶点,且按其在环中出现的顺序排列。

输入输出样例

  • 输入#1

    6 6
    1 3
    3 4
    4 2
    2 6
    5 6
    5 1

    输出#1

    1
    1 6 4
  • 输入#2

    6 8
    1 3
    3 4
    4 2
    2 6
    5 6
    5 1
    1 4
    2 5

    输出#2

    2
    4
    1 5 2 4
  • 输入#3

    5 4
    1 2
    1 3
    2 4
    2 5

    输出#3

    1
    3 4 5

说明/提示

In the first sample:

Notice that you can solve either problem, so printing the cycle 2−4−3−1−5−62-4-3-1-5-6 is also acceptable.

In the second sample:

Notice that if there are multiple answers you can print any, so printing the cycle 2−5−62-5-6, for example, is acceptable.

In the third sample:

在第一个样例中:

注意,你可以求解任一问题,因此输出环 2−4−3−1−5−62-4-3-1-5-6 也是可接受的。

在第二个样例中:

注意,若存在多个答案,你可以输出任意一个,例如输出环 2−5−62-5-6 即可接受。

在第三个样例中:

输入解题思路,AI测评打分。不知道怎么写?

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